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Safe Bank

Published: 2026-07-09

The role of tokenization in the development of the retail covered bond market

Rafał Włoczka Logo ORCID
Section: Problems and Opinions
https://doi.org/10.26354/bb.1.1.102.2026

Abstract

The article examines the possibility of tokenising covered bonds and addresses whether the marginal Polish retail covered bond market may benefit from tokenisation as a catalyst for its revival and increased attractiveness for retail investors.

The first part presents an analysis of the benefits of tokenising financial instruments, justifying the adopted research objective. It then outlines the legal framework, with particular emphasis on the Act of 29 August 1997 on Covered Bonds and Mortgage Banks, governing the issuance, transfer and exercise of rights arising from covered bonds. The subsequent part advances a dogmatic legal argument demonstrating that the Polish legal system does not adhere to the principle of numerus clausus of securities, which allows tokenisation to be regarded as permissible in principle.

The concluding section outlines prospective developments in EU law, including the draft Regulation of 4 December 2025 (2025/0383(COD)), and formulates de lege ferenda postulates concerning domestic law on the tokenisation of mortgage covered bonds.

The article applies the dogmatic legal method, supplemented by the comparative legal method.

JEL Codes

K22, G21, G23, G28

Citation rules

Włoczka, R. (2026). The role of tokenization in the development of the retail covered bond market. Safe Bank, 102(1), 11–25. https://doi.org/10.26354/bb.1.1.102.2026

Cited by / Share

Vol. 102 No. 1 (2026)
Published: 2026-07-09


ISSN: 1429-2939
eISSN: 2544-7068
Ikona DOI 10.26354

Publisher
Bankowy Fundusz Gwarancyjny

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